Scaling and rotating textures

It often happens that an image texture applied to an object needs to be resized and rotated.

By default, the material is tiled and the texture is repeating in all directions. 

Scaling a texture means changing the physical size assigned to it.

Location: Interior - Material - Scaling texture

After selecting the surface, the command displays how the scaled texture is mapped to the surface.
You can scale from the enclosing box points of the selected portion of the texture map.
If you press any of them, you will see that it scales from this position.

The texture is globally mapped to a surface in world coordinates, regardless of the object's coordinates.
This means that the texture is not attached to any object, but to the global origin, so as a result of the transformation within the object (movement, rotation), the texture remains intact in relation to the global origin, but moves in relation to the geometry of the object.